SpringBoot集成Redis是我们常见的功能，今天我们分享一下：

前言：

1、pom包引用

<!-- Redis Starter (默认使用 Lettuce) --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency><!-- Jackson 序列化支持 --><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>2.11.3</version> <!-- Spring Boot 2.3.4 内置版本 --></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version> <!-- 兼容2.3.4的版本 --></dependency><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.8.RELEASE</version></parent>

2、配置文件信息

# Redis 基础配置
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=123456
spring.redis.database=0# 连接池配置 明确使用commons-pool2连接池
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.enabled=true
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-active=8
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle=8
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle=0
spring.redis.timeout=5000ms# 全局缓存过期时间 (单位: 秒)
spring.cache.redis.time-to-live=180

3、服务配置类

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import java.time.Duration;@Configuration
@EnableCaching // 启用缓存注解
public class RedisConfig {/*** 自定义 RedisTemplate (解决乱码问题)*/@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(factory);// Key 使用 String 序列化template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());// Value 使用 JSON 序列化template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());// Hash Value 使用 JSON 序列化template.setHashValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());template.afterPropertiesSet();return template;}/*** 设置全局缓存过期时间 (3分钟)*/@Beanpublic RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration() {return RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(3)) // 设置缓存默认过期时间.disableCachingNullValues()      // 不缓存 null 值.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));}
}

4、业务伪代码

@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

1）保存并获取字符串

       redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("token", "123qaz", 3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);String json = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("token");

2）保存并获取对象

       String key = "user:" + user.getId();// 方法1：使用 RedisTemplate 自动序列化redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, user, 3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);// 方法1：直接获取对象 (自动反序列化)User user120 = (User) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key1);// 方法2：获取JSON字符串并转换/*String json = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);if(json != null) {return objectMapper.readValue(json, User.class);}*/

3）保存并获取集合

        List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();User user = new User();user.setArea("北京");user.setBsnm("北京站");user.setId(10);User user1 = new User();user1.setArea("昌平");user1.setBsnm("龙珠站");user1.setId(9);userList.add(user1);userList.add(user);String key12 = "user:" + user.getId()+":"+user1.getId();redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key12, userList, 3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);//强制获取List<User> user12List = (List<User>) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key12);//标准安全获取/*** 从缓存获取用户列表*/public List<User> getUserListFromCache(String key) {try {// 1. 从Redis获取数据Object cachedData = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);if (cachedData == null) {return Collections.emptyList(); // 缓存不存在}// 2. 类型安全转换if (cachedData instanceof List) {// 3. 直接转换（当序列化配置正确时可用）return (List<User>) cachedData;} else if (cachedData instanceof String) {// 4. 处理JSON字符串形式的数据return objectMapper.readValue((String) cachedData,new TypeReference<List<User>>() {});}// 5. 其他类型处理return objectMapper.convertValue(cachedData,new TypeReference<List<User>>() {});} catch (Exception e) {// 6. 异常处理（记录日志等）e.printStackTrace();return Collections.emptyList();}}

4）多个key获取数据

    /*** 获取实体对象集合*/public List<User> getUsers(List<String> userIds) {List<String> keys = userIds.stream().map(id -> "user:" + id).collect(Collectors.toList());// 批量获取List<Object> results = redisTemplate.opsForValue().multiGet(keys);return results.stream().filter(Objects::nonNull).map(obj -> (User) obj) // 自动反序列化.collect(Collectors.toList());}

5）使用注解获取缓存

     /*** 自动缓存结果 (使用全局3分钟过期)*/@Cacheable(value = "products", key = "#id")public Product getProductById(Long id) {// 模拟数据库查询return productRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);}/*** 自定义缓存过期时间 (覆盖全局设置)*/@Cacheable(value = "hot_products", key = "#id", cacheManager = "customCacheManager")public Product getHotProduct(Long id) {// ...}// 在 RedisConfig 中添加@Beanpublic RedisCacheManager customCacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(5)) // 自定义5分钟.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));return RedisCacheManager.builder(factory).cacheDefaults(config).build();}

 

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到此，SpringBoot集成Redis分享完成，下篇我们分享器源码相关，敬请期待。