酒店管理系统通过自动化流程提升酒店运营效率。本系统采用C语言开发，基于模块化设计思想，包含以下核心功能：

房间管理：初始化房间信息、查看房间状态
预订管理：按时间段预订房间、查询预订记录
入住管理：客户登记、自动分配房间
退房结算：时长费用计算、账单生成
查询统计：空闲房间统计、收入报表生成

系统采用文件持久化存储数据，确保程序重启后数据不丢失。

交互方式为命令行菜单，直观易操作。

二、系统设计与数据结构

1. 核心数据结构

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>#define FLOORS 5      // 楼层数
#define ROOMS_PER_FLOOR 20  // 每层房间数
#define MAX_NAME_LEN 20
#define MAX_RESERVATIONS 5// 房间状态枚举
typedef enum {VACANT,     // 空闲OCCUPIED,   // 已入住RESERVED    // 已预订
} RoomStatus;// 房间结构体
typedef struct {char number[6];         // 房间号如"101"char type[10];          // 房间类型double price;           // 每晚价格RoomStatus status;      // 当前状态char guest[MAX_NAME_LEN]; // 入住客人int reservations[MAX_RESERVATIONS][2]; // 预订时间段
} Room;// 全局酒店数组
Room hotel[FLOORS][ROOMS_PER_FLOOR];

2. 文件存储设计

房间数据：rooms.dat（二进制存储）
预订记录：reservations.dat
账单历史：bills.dat

三、核心功能实现解析

1. 房间初始化与加载

void initializeRooms() {for (int i = 0; i < FLOORS; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < ROOMS_PER_FLOOR; j++) {// 生成房间号如501sprintf(hotel[i][j].number, "%d%02d", i+1, j+1);// 按楼层分配房间类型if (i == 0) {strcpy(hotel[i][j].type, "经济房");hotel[i][j].price = 150.0;} else if (i < 3) {strcpy(hotel[i][j].type, "标准房");hotel[i][j].price = 300.0;} else {strcpy(hotel[i][j].type, "豪华房");hotel[i][j].price = 500.0;}hotel[i][j].status = VACANT;memset(hotel[i][j].reservations, -1, sizeof(hotel[i][j].reservations));}}saveRooms(); // 保存初始数据
}void saveRooms() {FILE *fp = fopen("rooms.dat", "wb");if (fp) {fwrite(hotel, sizeof(Room), FLOORS*ROOMS_PER_FLOOR, fp);fclose(fp);}
}

2. 预订管理算法

int reserveRoom(const char* roomNum, int startDay, int endDay, const char* guest) {// 查找房间位置int floor = roomNum[0] - '0' - 1;int room = atoi(roomNum + 1) - 1;// 验证预订日期冲突for (int i = 0; i < MAX_RESERVATIONS; i++) {int* period = hotel[floor][room].reservations[i];if (period[0] != -1 && !(endDay < period[0] || startDay > period[1])) {return 0; // 日期冲突}}// 添加预订记录for (int i = 0; i < MAX_RESERVATIONS; i++) {if (hotel[floor][room].reservations[i][0] == -1) {hotel[floor][room].reservations[i][0] = startDay;hotel[floor][room].reservations[i][1] = endDay;strcpy(hotel[floor][room].guest, guest);hotel[floor][room].status = RESERVED;saveRooms();return 1; // 成功}}return -1; // 预订已满
}

3. 入住与退房结算

// 入住登记
void checkIn(const char* roomNum, const char* guest) {int floor = roomNum[0] - '0' - 1;int room = atoi(roomNum + 1) - 1;if (hotel[floor][room].status == VACANT) {strcpy(hotel[floor][room].guest, guest);hotel[floor][room].status = OCCUPIED;hotel[floor][room].reservations[0][0] = time(NULL); // 记录入住时间saveRooms();}
}// 退房结算
double checkOut(const char* roomNum) {int floor = roomNum[0] - '0' - 1;int room = atoi(roomNum + 1) - 1;double total = 0.0;if (hotel[floor][room].status == OCCUPIED) {time_t checkInTime = hotel[floor][room].reservations[0][0];time_t now = time(NULL);// 计算入住天数（向上取整）int hours = (int)difftime(now, checkInTime) / 3600;int days = (hours + 24) / 24; total = days * hotel[floor][room].price;// 重置房间状态hotel[floor][room].status = VACANT;hotel[floor][room].guest[0] = '\0';saveRooms();}return total;
}

4. 高级查询功能

// 按时间段查询空闲房间
void findVacantRooms(int startDay, int endDay) {printf("在%d-%d期间空闲的房间:\n", startDay, endDay);for (int i = 0; i < FLOORS; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < ROOMS_PER_FLOOR; j++) {int isVacant = 1;// 检查预订冲突for (int k = 0; k < MAX_RESERVATIONS; k++) {int* period = hotel[i][j].reservations[k];if (period[0] != -1 && !(endDay < period[0] || startDay > period[1])) {isVacant = 0;break;}}if (isVacant && hotel[i][j].status == VACANT) {printf("%s\t%s\t%.2f\n", hotel[i][j].number,hotel[i][j].type,hotel[i][j].price);}}}
}

四、完整系统源码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>// 常量、结构体定义见上文// 函数声明
void initializeRooms();
void saveRooms();
void loadRooms();
int reserveRoom(const char* roomNum, int startDay, int endDay, const char* guest);
void checkIn(const char* roomNum, const char* guest);
double checkOut(const char* roomNum);
void displayRoomStatus();
void findVacantRooms(int startDay, int endDay);int main() {loadRooms();while(1) {system("cls");printf("\n===== 酒店管理系统 =====\n");printf("1. 显示所有房间状态\n");printf("2. 预订房间\n");printf("3. 办理入住\n");printf("4. 办理退房\n");printf("5. 按时间段查询空闲房\n");printf("0. 退出\n");printf("=======================\n");int choice;scanf("%d", &choice);switch(choice) {case 1: displayRoomStatus();break;case 2: {char roomNum[6], guest[MAX_NAME_LEN];int start, end;printf("输入房间号: ");scanf("%s", roomNum);printf("输入起止日(例:20240620 20240625): ");scanf("%d %d", &start, &end);printf("客人姓名: ");scanf("%s", guest);if(reserveRoom(roomNum, start, end, guest)) {printf("预订成功!\n");} else {printf("预订失败!\n");}break;}case 3: {char roomNum[6], guest[MAX_NAME_LEN];printf("房间号: ");scanf("%s", roomNum);printf("客人姓名: ");scanf("%s", guest);checkIn(roomNum, guest);printf("入住登记完成!\n");break;}case 4: {char roomNum[6];printf("退房间号: ");scanf("%s", roomNum);double amount = checkOut(roomNum);printf("需支付: %.2f元\n", amount);break;}case 5: {int start, end;printf("输入查询时间段(例:20240620 20240625): ");scanf("%d %d", &start, &end);findVacantRooms(start, end);break;}case 0:saveRooms();exit(0);}system("pause"); // 按任意键继续}return 0;
}// 其他函数实现详见上文