权限控制

一、认证：是否登录成功。

二、授权：权限控制，授予权限、校验权限。

SpringSecurity

springsecurity 和其他组件的简单交互

前后端分离场景下，登录校验流程的核心思路：token。 Token是服务端生成的一串字符串，以作客户端进行请求的一个令牌，当第一次登录后，服务器生成一个Token便将此Token返回给客户端，以后客户端只需带上这个Token前来请求数据即可，无需再次带上用户名和密码。

使用token机制的身份验证方法，在服务器端不需要存储用户的登录记录。

JWT：JWT全面解读、详细使用步骤 - 简书

springsecurity使用流程

1、搭建环境实现默认用户名和密码登录

springboot环境+springweb+springsecurity权限jar包

访问目标方法时，自动跳转到/login接口，输入用户名user和默认密码，登录成功后，自动跳转到目标方法。

localhost:8080/login

2、使用数据库表中定义好的用户名和密码访问实现等值密码匹配

1）sql文件

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user`  (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',`user_name` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '用户名',`nick_name` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '昵称',`password` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '密码',`status` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '账号状态（0正常 1停用）',`email` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',`phonenumber` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',`sex` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户性别（0男，1女，2未知）',`avatar` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',`user_type` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '用户类型（0管理员，1普通用户）',`create_by` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人的用户id',`create_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',`update_by` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新人',`update_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',`del_flag` int(11) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '删除标志（0代表未删除，1代表已删除）',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 3 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用户表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (1, '张三', '张三', '{noop}1234', '0', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '1', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);

2)搭建jdbc或者mybatis或者mybatis-plus环境

<dependency><groupId>com.mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>

3）配置mybatis-plus环境

server:port: 8080
spring:datasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecurityusername: rootpassword: 123456
mybatis-plus:configuration:map-underscore-to-camel-case: truetype-aliases-package: com.hl.springsecurity01.domainmapper-locations: classpath:/mapper/*.xml

4）使用mybatisX 生成基本的service和mapper

5）创建一个类实现UserDetailsService接口，重写方法（根据用户名到数据库中查找用户对象）

package com.hl.springsecurity01.security;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
import com.hl.springsecurity01.domain.SysUser;
import com.hl.springsecurity01.service.SysUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Autowiredprivate SysUserService sysUserService;/*根据用户名查找用户对象*/@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {//根据用户名，到数据库表中，查找用户对象QueryWrapper queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper();queryWrapper.eq("user_name", username);List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.list(queryWrapper);//判断用户是否存在LoginUser user = null;if(list != null && list.size() > 0){SysUser sysUser = list.get(0);//封装数据到UserDetails接口实现类对象中user = new LoginUser(sysUser);}return user;}
}

6）创建一个LoginUser实现UserDetails接口，封装用户信息

package com.hl.springsecurity01.security;

import com.hl.springsecurity01.domain.SysUser;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
/*
创建类实现UsersDetail接口，存储当前登录成功的用户信息*/
@Data
public class LoginUser implements UserDetails {
private SysUser sysUser;
public LoginUser() {}public LoginUser(SysUser sysUser) {this.sysUser = sysUser;}
//返回用户权限信息，返回权限列表@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {return Collections.emptyList();}
@Overridepublic String getPassword() {return sysUser.getPassword();}
@Overridepublic String getUsername() {return sysUser.getUserName();}
@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired() {return true;}
@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked() {return true;}
@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {return true;}
@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled() {return true;}
}

3、加密机制自定义密码匹配器

1）创建加密对象

@Configuration
public class MySecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {/*创建加密对象（密码匹配器对象）*/@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}
}

2）使用测试类，生成临时密码，测试匹配方法

@SpringBootTest
class Springsecurity01ApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
@Testvoid contextLoads() {String pwd = passwordEncoder.encode("1234");System.out.println(pwd);//$2a$10$DpNgEn0fiYStJJ/EoYxf7uhBOMnuqK/UdBKmexX5KrEVPLuGQ0LsS//$2a$10$sLUel1CyTVY1kDWM5BwlNu1WMLMqlys00NIir0SiEgR0A5ItM1Vda//比对密码boolean flag1 = passwordEncoder.matches("1234", "$2a$10$DpNgEn0fiYStJJ/EoYxf7uhBOMnuqK/UdBKmexX5KrEVPLuGQ0LsS");boolean flag2 = passwordEncoder.matches("1234", "$2a$10$sLUel1CyTVY1kDWM5BwlNu1WMLMqlys00NIir0SiEgR0A5ItM1Vda");System.out.println(flag1);System.out.println(flag2);}

}
$2a$12$R9h/cIPz0gi.URNNX3kh2OPST9/PgBkqquzi.Ss7KIUgO2t0jWMUW
├─┬─┼──┬─┼──────────────┼───────────────────────────────────│ │  │  │      │                     │ │  │  │      └─ 哈希值（31字节）│ │  │  └─ 盐值（22字符，16字节）│ │  └─ cost参数（12 → 2^12=4096轮迭代）│ └─ 算法版本（2a）└─ 固定前缀
$<算法版本>$<cost>$<salt><hash>

4、自定义登录接口

@RestController
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate LoginService loginService;@RequestMapping("/login")public R login(String username, String password) throws AuthenticationException {//调用servicereturn loginService.login(username, password);}
}

public interface LoginService {public R login(String username, String password) throws AuthenticationException;
}

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;@Overridepublic R login(String username, String password) throws AuthenticationException {UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token =new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);//调用认证提供器的认证方法，进行用户名，密码认证Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(token);//根据返回值判断是否认证成功if(authentication == null){//认证失败throw  new AuthenticationException("用户名或者密码错误");}if(authentication.isAuthenticated()){//认证成功//返回 code ,msg,tokenreturn R.ok("token.............","认证成功");}return null;}
}

package com.hl.springsecurity01.security;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.WebSecurityConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class MySecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {/*创建加密对象（密码匹配器对象）*/@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.csrf().disable().sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and().authorizeRequests()// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问.antMatchers("/login").anonymous()// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证.anyRequest().authenticated();}@Beanpublic AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {return super.authenticationManagerBean();}
}

将数据库密码字段换成生成的加密字段$2a$10$DpNgEn0fiYStJJ/EoYxf7uhBOMnuqK/UdBKmexX5KrEVPLuGQ0LsS

登录成功，看到json返回，失败，没有任何提示。

5、token字符串的生成

<!--生成token-->
<dependency><groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId><artifactId>jjwt</artifactId><version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>

JwtUtil工具类

package com.hl.springsecurity01.util;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;

/*** JWT工具类*/
public class JwtUtil {//有效期为public static final Long JWT_TTL = 60 * 60 *1000L;// 60 * 60 *1000  一个小时//设置秘钥明文public static final String JWT_KEY = "test";
public static String getUUID(){String token = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");return token;}
/*** 生成jtw字符串* @param subject token中要存放的数据（json格式）* @return*/public static String createJWT(String subject) {JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, null, getUUID());// 设置过期时间return builder.compact();}
/*** 生成jtw字符串* @param subject token中要存放的数据（json格式）* @param ttlMillis token超时时间* @return*/public static String createJWT(String subject, Long ttlMillis) {JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, getUUID());// 设置过期时间return builder.compact();}
private static JwtBuilder getJwtBuilder(String subject, Long ttlMillis, String uuid) {SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();Date now = new Date(nowMillis);if(ttlMillis==null){ttlMillis=JwtUtil.JWT_TTL;}long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;Date expDate = new Date(expMillis);return Jwts.builder().setId(uuid)              //唯一的ID.setSubject(subject)   // 主题  可以是JSON数据.setIssuer("sg")     // 签发者.setIssuedAt(now)      // 签发时间.signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey) //使用HS256对称加密算法签名, 第二个参数为秘钥.setExpiration(expDate);}
/*** 创建token* @param id* @param subject* @param ttlMillis* @return*/public static String createJWT(String id, String subject, Long ttlMillis) {JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, id);// 设置过期时间return builder.compact();}

/*** 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey* @return*/public static SecretKey generalKey() {byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");return key;}
/*** 解析jwt** @param jwt* @return* @throws Exception*/public static Claims parseJWT(String jwt) throws Exception {SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secretKey).parseClaimsJws(jwt).getBody();}
/***   用于测试*/public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//        String token = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiJjYWM2ZDVhZi1mNjVlLTQ0MDAtYjcxMi0zYWEwOGIyOTIwYjQiLCJzdWIiOiJzZyIsImlzcyI6InNnIiwiaWF0IjoxNjM4MTA2NzEyLCJleHAiOjE2MzgxMTAzMTJ9.JVsSbkP94wuczb4QryQbAke3ysBDIL5ou8fWsbt_ebg";
//        Claims claims = parseJWT(token);
//        System.out.println(claims);String token = createJWT("1");String token1 = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiJlM2UzMGE0ZjhhMGE0OTQ1ODNjMzZlZmNjMWQ3YzQ4YiIsInN1YiI6IjEiLCJpc3MiOiJzZyIsImlhdCI6MTc1MTUzMjI0MiwiZXhwIjoxNzUxNTM1ODQyfQ.ALfU833lUe1bCRlsAwcDd_mwD5j3sCtFCO3Ue1E-WWw";System.out.println(token);Claims claims = parseJWT(token1);System.out.println(claims);}

}

package com.hl.springsecurity01.service.impl;

import com.hl.springsecurity01.domain.R;
import com.hl.springsecurity01.security.LoginUser;
import com.hl.springsecurity01.service.LoginService;
import com.hl.springsecurity01.util.JwtUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.security.sasl.AuthenticationException;

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;@Overridepublic R login(String username, String password) throws AuthenticationException {UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token =new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);//调用认证提供器的认证方法，进行用户名，密码认证Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(token);//根据返回值判断是否认证成功if(authentication == null){//认证失败throw  new AuthenticationException("用户名或者密码错误");}if(authentication.isAuthenticated()){//认证成功//获取用户身份 LoginUserLoginUser user = (LoginUser) authentication.getPrincipal();//获取用户idLong id = user.getSysUser().getId();//根据用户id，生成tokenString token2 = JwtUtil.createJWT(id+"");//返回 code ,msg,tokenreturn R.ok(token2,"认证成功");}return null;}
}