引言:企业信息管理系统的核心价值
在企业日常运营中,高效的信息管理是提升效率的关键。本文将手把手教你开发一套企业信息管理系统,涵盖用户登录、信息增删改查、权限控制等核心功能。系统采用 Spring Boot 作为后端框架,MyBatis 处理数据交互,Thymeleaf 实现前端页面渲染,Druid 作为数据源保障性能,最终形成一套轻量、易用、可扩展的企业级解决方案。
一、系统架构与技术栈
1.1 系统功能概述
本系统聚焦企业用户信息管理,核心功能包括:
- 用户登录 / 退出(含权限拦截)
- 用户信息列表展示
- 用户信息添加、修改、删除
- 前端页面动态渲染与交互
1.2 技术栈选择
- 后端:Spring Boot 3.2.8(框架核心)、MyBatis 3.0.3(ORM 框架)、Druid 1.2.20(数据源)
- 前端:Thymeleaf 3.1.2(模板引擎)、HTML5/CSS3(页面结构与样式)、jQuery 3.7.1(前端交互)
- 数据库:MySQL 8.0(数据存储)
- 开发工具:IntelliJ IDEA、Maven(依赖管理)
二、环境搭建与项目初始化
2.1 数据库设计
首先创建系统所需的数据库表,以my_user
表为例(存储用户信息):
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;-- 用户表结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `my_user`;
CREATE TABLE `my_user` (`pid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',`username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',`password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',`p_addr` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址(下划线命名)',`gender` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别(1-男,0-女)',`birth` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',PRIMARY KEY (`pid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户信息表';-- 初始化测试数据
INSERT INTO `my_user` VALUES (1, 'zhangsan', '123', '北京', 1, '2020-06-14');
2.2 项目结构设计
遵循 Spring Boot 最佳实践,项目结构如下:
src/
├── main/
│ ├── java/com/qcby/inforcontrollersystem/
│ │ ├── config/ # 配置类(Druid、MyBatis、MVC等)
│ │ ├── controller/ # 控制器(处理请求)
│ │ ├── entity/ # 实体类(与数据库表映射)
│ │ ├── interceptor/ # 拦截器(登录验证等)
│ │ ├── mapper/ # MyBatis映射接口
│ │ ├── service/ # 业务逻辑层(含Impl实现)
│ │ └── InforControllerSystemApplication.java # 启动类
│ ├── resources/
│ │ ├── application.yaml # 主配置文件
│ │ ├── static/ # 静态资源(css、images、js)
│ │ └── templates/ # Thymeleaf模板(login.html、main.html等)
└── test/ # 单元测试目录
2.3 核心依赖配置(pom.xml)
通过 Maven 管理依赖,关键依赖如下:
<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.2.8</version>
</parent><dependencies><!-- Spring Boot Web核心 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- Thymeleaf模板引擎 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><!-- MyBatis整合 --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.0.3</version></dependency><!-- Druid数据源(适配Spring Boot 3) --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-3-starter</artifactId><version>1.2.20</version></dependency><!-- MySQL驱动 --><dependency><groupId>com.mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><!-- jQuery(WebJars方式) --><dependency><groupId>org.webjars</groupId><artifactId>jquery</artifactId><version>3.7.1</version></dependency><!-- 测试依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency>
</dependencies>
三、核心配置详解
3.1 数据源配置(Druid)
Druid 作为高性能数据源,需配置连接池参数和监控功能,创建DruidConfig.java
:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {// 绑定application.yaml中spring.datasource前缀的配置@Bean@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")public DataSource dataSource() {return new DruidDataSource();}
}
3.2 MyBatis 配置(解决驼峰映射)
数据库表字段采用下划线命名(如p_addr
),实体类采用驼峰命名(如pAddr
),需配置映射规则:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.config;import org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.ConfigurationCustomizer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class MybatisConfig {@Beanpublic ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer() {// 开启下划线转驼峰映射return configuration -> configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);}
}
3.3 MVC 配置(视图映射与拦截器)
配置页面路由和登录拦截器,确保未登录用户无法访问核心功能:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.config;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.interceptor.LoginInterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Configuration
@MapperScan("com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.mapper") // 扫描MyBatis Mapper接口
public class TxMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {// 视图映射:直接将请求路径映射到模板页面@Overridepublic void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {registry.addViewController("/toLogin").setViewName("login"); // /toLogin -> login.htmlregistry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("index"); // /index -> index.htmlregistry.addViewController("/menu").setViewName("menu"); // /menu -> menu.html}// 注册拦截器:拦截未登录用户@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {List<String> excludePaths = new ArrayList<>();// 排除登录页、静态资源等不需要拦截的路径excludePaths.add("/css/**");excludePaths.add("/images/**");excludePaths.add("/toLogin");excludePaths.add("/login");registry.addInterceptor(new LoginInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**") // 拦截所有请求.excludePathPatterns(excludePaths); // 排除指定路径}
}
四、核心功能实现
4.1 实体类设计(MyUser.java)
与my_user
表映射,包含用户基本信息:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity;import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import java.util.Date;public class MyUser {private Integer pid; // 主键private String username; // 用户名private String password; // 密码private String pAddr; // 地址(驼峰命名,对应表中p_addr)private Integer gender; // 性别@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") // 日期格式转换private Date birth; // 生日// 构造方法、Getter、Setter(省略,需手动生成)
}
4.2 登录拦截器(LoginInterceptor.java)
拦截未登录用户,强制跳转至登录页:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.interceptor;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {HttpSession session = request.getSession();MyUser user = (MyUser) session.getAttribute("user"); // 从Session获取用户信息if (user == null) {// 未登录,重定向到登录页response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/toLogin");return false;}// 已登录,放行return true;}
}
4.3 数据访问层(Mapper 接口)
通过 MyBatis 注解实现数据库操作:
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.mapper;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public interface MyUserMapper {// 新增用户(自增主键回写)@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "pid")@Insert("insert into my_user(username, password, p_addr, gender, birth) " +"values(#{username}, #{password}, #{pAddr}, #{gender}, #{birth})")void insert(MyUser user);// 查询所有用户@Select("select * from my_user")List<MyUser> selectUsers();// 登录验证(根据用户名和密码查询)@Select("select * from my_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}")MyUser selectUsersByUsernameAndPassword(Map<String, String> map);// 根据ID查询用户(用于修改)@Select("select * from my_user where pid = #{pid}")MyUser selectUserById(int pid);// 更新用户信息@Update("update my_user set username=#{username}, password=#{password}, p_addr=#{pAddr}, " +"gender=#{gender}, birth=#{birth} where pid=#{pid}")void update(MyUser user);// 删除用户@Delete("delete from my_user where pid = #{pid}")void delete(int pid);
}
4.4 业务逻辑层(Service)
封装业务逻辑,调用 Mapper 接口:
// 接口定义
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.service;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public interface MyUserService {void insert(MyUser user);List<MyUser> selectUsers();MyUser selectUsersByUsernameAndPassword(Map<String, String> map);MyUser selectUserById(int pid);void update(MyUser user);void delete(int pid);
}// 实现类
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.service.Impl;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.mapper.MyUserMapper;
import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.service.MyUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Service
@Transactional // 开启事务管理
public class MyUserServiceImpl implements MyUserService {@Autowiredprivate MyUserMapper userMapper;@Overridepublic void insert(MyUser user) {userMapper.insert(user);}@Overridepublic List<MyUser> selectUsers() {return userMapper.selectUsers();}@Overridepublic MyUser selectUsersByUsernameAndPassword(Map<String, String> map) {return userMapper.selectUsersByUsernameAndPassword(map);}@Overridepublic MyUser selectUserById(int pid) {return userMapper.selectUserById(pid);}@Overridepublic void update(MyUser user) {userMapper.update(user);}@Overridepublic void delete(int pid) {userMapper.delete(pid);}
}
4.5 控制器(Controller)
处理前端请求,协调视图与数据:
(1)登录控制器(LoginController.java)
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.controller;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.service.MyUserService;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;@Controller
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate MyUserService myUserService;// 跳转到登录页@GetMapping("/toLogin")public String toLogin() {return "login";}// 处理登录请求@PostMapping("/login")public String login(HttpSession session, String username, String password, Model model) {Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("username", username);map.put("password", password);MyUser user = myUserService.selectUsersByUsernameAndPassword(map);if (user != null) {// 登录成功,将用户信息存入Sessionsession.setAttribute("user", user);return "redirect:/index"; // 重定向到首页} else {// 登录失败,回显错误信息model.addAttribute("tip", "用户名或密码错误");return "login";}}// 退出登录@GetMapping("/logout")public String logout(HttpSession session) {session.invalidate(); // 清除Sessionreturn "redirect:/toLogin";}
}
(2)用户管理控制器(UserController.java)
package com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.controller;import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity.MyUser;
import com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.service.MyUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;@Controller
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate MyUserService myUserService;// 展示用户列表@GetMapping("/main")public String showUserList(Model model) {List<MyUser> users = myUserService.selectUsers();model.addAttribute("users", users); // 存入模型,供前端渲染return "main";}// 跳转到添加用户页面@GetMapping("/add")public String toAddPage() {return "add";}// 保存新用户@PostMapping("/save")public String saveUser(MyUser user, @RequestParam String birth) {try {// 转换日期格式(前端传递字符串,需转为Date)if (birth != null && !birth.isEmpty()) {user.setBirth(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(birth));}myUserService.insert(user);} catch (ParseException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return "redirect:/main"; // 重定向到列表页}// 跳转到修改页面(携带用户ID)@GetMapping("/getUser")public String toUpdatePage(@RequestParam int pid, Model model) {MyUser user = myUserService.selectUserById(pid);model.addAttribute("user", user); // 回显用户信息return "update";}// 更新用户信息@PostMapping("/update")public String updateUser(MyUser user, @RequestParam String birth) {try {if (birth != null && !birth.isEmpty()) {user.setBirth(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(birth));}myUserService.update(user);} catch (ParseException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return "redirect:/main";}// 删除用户@GetMapping("/delete")public String deleteUser(@RequestParam int pid) {myUserService.delete(pid);return "redirect:/main";}
}
五、前端页面实现(Thymeleaf 模板)
5.1 登录页(login.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>用户登录</title><link th:href="@{/css/login.css}" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- 引入CSS --><script th:src="@{/webjars/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js}"></script> <!-- 引入jQuery --><script>// 登录表单验证function login1() {const username = $("input[name='username']").val().trim();const password = $("input[name='password']").val().trim();if (!username) {alert("请输入用户名");return;}if (!password) {alert("请输入密码");return;}$("form").submit(); // 提交表单}</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="login"><div id="top"><div id="top_left"><img th:src="@{/images/login_03.gif}" alt="系统Logo"></div></div><form th:action="@{/login}" method="post"><div id="center"><div id="center_middle"><!-- 登录错误提示 --><div style="color: red; text-align: center" th:text="${tip}"></div><div id="user">用户名:<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"></div><div id="password">密码:<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码"></div><div id="btn"><a href="#" onclick="login1()">登录</a><a href="#" onclick="$('form')[0].reset()">清空</a></div></div></div></form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
5.2 用户列表页(main.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>用户列表</title><style>.mt { margin: 20px auto; width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; }.mt th, .mt td { border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; text-align: center; }.add-btn { margin: 20px 0 0 5%; padding: 6px 12px; background: #4CAF50; color: white; text-decoration: none; }</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 添加用户按钮 -->
<a th:href="@{/add}" class="add-btn">添加用户</a><!-- 用户列表表格 -->
<table class="mt"><tr><th>用户名</th><th>密码</th><th>地址</th><th>性别</th><th>生日</th><th>操作</th></tr><!-- 遍历用户列表(Thymeleaf语法) --><tr th:each="user : ${users}"><td th:text="${user.username}"></td><td th:text="${user.password}"></td><td th:text="${user.pAddr}"></td><td th:text="${user.gender == 1 ? '男' : '女'}"></td> <!-- 性别转换 --><td th:text="${#calendars.format(user.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd')}"></td> <!-- 日期格式化 --><td><a th:href="@{/getUser(pid=${user.pid})}">修改</a><a th:href="@{/delete(pid=${user.pid})}" onclick="return confirm('确定删除?')">删除</a></td></tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
5.3 添加用户页(add.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>添加用户</title><style>.mt { margin: 30px auto; border-collapse: collapse; }.mt td { padding: 10px; }input { padding: 6px; width: 250px; }</style>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/save}" method="post"><table class="mt"><tr><td>用户名</td><td><input type="text" name="username" required></td></tr><tr><td>密码</td><td><input type="password" name="password" required></td></tr><tr><td>地址</td><td><input type="text" name="pAddr"></td></tr><tr><td>性别</td><td><input type="radio" name="gender" value="1" checked>男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">女</td></tr><tr><td>生日</td><td><input type="date" name="birth"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><input type="submit" value="保存"></td></tr></table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
六、系统配置文件(application.yaml)
统一配置数据源、MyBatis 等参数:
spring:datasource:username: rootpassword: rooturl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/boot_demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghaidriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivertype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource# Druid连接池参数initialSize: 5minIdle: 5maxActive: 20maxWait: 60000timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUALtestWhileIdle: truetestOnBorrow: falsetestOnReturn: falsefilters: stat,wall # 开启监控和防火墙# MyBatis配置
mybatis:mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml # 若使用XML映射,需指定路径type-aliases-package: com.qcby.inforcontrollersystem.entity # 实体类别名
七、系统测试与运行
- 启动项目:运行
InforControllerSystemApplication.java
的main
方法,Spring Boot 内置 Tomcat 启动,默认端口 8080。 - 访问登录页:浏览器输入
http://localhost:8080/toLogin
,使用初始化数据(用户名zhangsan
,密码123
)登录。 - 功能验证:
- 登录成功后跳转至首页,展示用户列表;
- 点击 "添加用户",填写信息后保存,列表页会新增记录;
- 点击 "修改" 可更新用户信息,点击 "删除" 可移除记录;
- 未登录时直接访问
/main
会被拦截,强制跳转至登录页。