HarmoyOS Next 实现高德定位SDK

注：作者采用版本为 HarmonyOS 5.0.0 Release SDK和DevEco Studio 5.0.0 Release。

1.获取本地AppID：

在index.pages的abountToAppear( ) 方法中获取appID、并打印在Log日志，即可在程序运行时获取本地项目的AppID。

2. 申请高德定位SDK的key：

高德地图API
输入本地的AppID即可申请获取到高德定位SDK的Key

3. 配置权限声明：在项目的`module.json5`配置相关权限，以及配置相关权限reason。

其中 reason 可以在string.json中自行命名。

"requestPermissions": [{"name": "ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION","reason": "$string:Harmony_location_permission_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ["Harmony_location_demoAbility"],"when": "always"}},{"name": "ohos.permission.LOCATION","reason": "$string:Harmony_location_permission_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ["Harmony_location_demoAbility"],"when": "always"}},{"name": "ohos.permission.LOCATION_IN_BACKGROUND","reason": "$string:Harmony_location_permission_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ["Harmony_location_demoAbility"],"when": "always"}},{"name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET","reason": "$string:Harmony_location_permission_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ["Harmony_location_demoAbility"],"when": "always"}},{"name": "ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING","reason": "$string:Harmony_location_permission_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ["Harmony_location_demoAbility"],"when": "always"}}]

4. oh-package.json5 中获取相关定位包：

"dependencies": {"@amap/amap_lbs_common": ">=1.2.0","@amap/amap_lbs_location": ">=1.2.0"}

5. 初始化隐私政策，创建AMapLocationManagerImpl，以及动态生成权限。

导入所需模块

import { AMapLocation, AMapLocationManagerImpl } from '@amap/amap_lbs_location';
import { AMapPrivacyAgreeStatus, AMapPrivacyInfoStatus, AMapPrivacyShowStatus } from '@amap/amap_lbs_common';
import { Permissions } from '@ohos.abilityAccessCtrl';
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';
import abilityAccessCtrl, { PermissionRequestResult } from '@ohos.abilityAccessCtrl';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';
import { AMapLocationOption, AMapLocationReGeocodeLanguage, AMapLocationType, IAMapLocationListener } from '@amap/amap_lbs_location';
import geoLocationManager from '@ohos.geoLocationManager';
import { promptAction } from '@kit.ArkUI';

初始化隐私政策，创建AMapLocationManagerImpl及动态申请权限

locationManger?: AMapLocationManagerImpl;private context = getContext(this);onPageShow() {//设置KeyAMapLocationManagerImpl.setApiKey("**高德定位SDK的key**");//初始化隐私政策AMapLocationManagerImpl.updatePrivacyShow(AMapPrivacyShowStatus.DidShow, AMapPrivacyInfoStatus.DidContain, getContext(this))AMapLocationManagerImpl.updatePrivacyAgree(AMapPrivacyAgreeStatus.DidAgree, getContext(this))//创建AMapLocationManagerImplthis.locationManger = new AMapLocationManagerImpl(this.context);// 检查系统定位是否开启checkLocationEnabled();//获取权限this.reqPermissionsFromUser(['ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION','ohos.permission.LOCATION',]);}// 请求权限reqPermissionsFromUser(permissions: Array<Permissions>): void {let context: Context = getContext(this) as common.UIAbilityContext;let atManager: abilityAccessCtrl.AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();// requestPermissionsFromUser会判断权限的授权状态来决定是否唤起弹窗atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context, permissions).then((data: PermissionRequestResult) => {let grantStatus: Array<number> = data.authResults;let length: number = grantStatus.length;for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {if (grantStatus[i] === 0) {// 用户授权，可以继续访问目标操作this.message = '权限已授权';} else {// 用户拒绝授权，提示用户必须授权才能访问当前页面的功能，并引导用户到系统设置中打开相应的权限this.message = '需要定位权限，请前往设置开启';// 弹出 Toast 提示promptAction.showToast({message: '需要定位权限，请前往设置开启',duration: 3000});return;}}// 授权成功}).catch((err: BusinessError) => {console.error(`Failed to request permissions from user. Code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);})}

在struct 界面结构体外配置异步方法，用于检查定位是否启用。

// 检查定位是否启用
async function checkLocationEnabled() {try {let isEnabled = await geoLocationManager.isLocationEnabled();console.info("Location is enabled: " + isEnabled);} catch (error) {console.error("Failed to check location status: " + JSON.stringify(error));}
}

6. 开启单次定位参数配置（也可自行配置为连续定位）

// 定位配置项options: AMapLocationOption = {priority: geoLocationManager.LocationRequestPriority.FIRST_FIX, //定位优先配置选项scenario: geoLocationManager.LocationRequestScenario.UNSET, //定位场景设置timeInterval: 2, //定位时间间隔distanceInterval: 0, //位置报告距离间隔maxAccuracy: 20, //定位精度 单位：米allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates: false, //是否允许后台定位locatingWithReGeocode: true, //定位是否返回逆地理信息reGeocodeLanguage: AMapLocationReGeocodeLanguage.Chinese, //逆地址语言类型isOffset: true //是否加偏}

补充目前高德定位SDK的逆地理信息未适配HarmonyOS Next，可采用高德Web服务，进行经纬度逆向转换为具体的地理信息。
定位信息监听配置及经纬度信息解析：

// 定位监听器listener: IAMapLocationListener = {onLocationChanged: (location) => {this.response = "\n"+ " 经度：" + location.longitude + "\n"+ " 纬度：" + location.latitude + "\n"+ " 海拔：" + location.altitude + "\n"+ " 精度：" + location.accuracy + "\n"+ " 速度：" + location.speed + "\n"+ " UTC时间：" + location.timeStamp + "\n"+ " 方向：" + location.direction + "\n"+ " 自启动以来时间：" + location.timeSinceBoot + "\n"+ " 附加信息：" + location.additions + "\n"+ " 附加信息size：" + location.additionSize + "\n"+ " 逆地理：" + location.reGeo?.country}, onLocationError: (error) => {this.response = JSON.stringify(error);// todo something}};

7. 定位功能调用及关闭

    @State response: string = '';---Row(){Button('开始定位').fontSize(20).margin(20).onClick(() => {this.locationManger?.setLocationListener(AMapLocationType.Updating, this.listener) //设置定位信息监听this.locationManger?.setLocationOption(AMapLocationType.Updating, this.options) //设置定位配置项this.locationManger?.startUpdatingLocation() //开启连续定位// this.locationManger?.stopUpdatingLocation() //关闭连续定位})Button('停止定位').fontSize(20).margin(20).onClick(() => {this.locationManger?.stopUpdatingLocation() //关闭连续定位})}Text("具体地址信息：" + this.response).fontSize(20)